The Republic of San Marino is a country situated in the Apennine Mountains. San Marino is an enclave in Italy, on the border between the regioni of Emilia Romagna and Marche. The highest point in the country, the summit of Monte Titano, is situated at 749 m (2,457 ft) above sea level. Republic of San Marino is the third smallest country in Europe, with only Vatican City and Monaco being smaller.
The size of the Republic of San Marino is just over 61 km2 with an estimated population of almost 30.000. Its capital is the City of San Marino.
San Marino is the oldest recorded sovereign state and constitutional republic in the world, having been founded on 3 September 301 by stonecutter Marinus of Rab.
The constitution of San Marino, enacted in 1600, is the world's oldest constitution still in effect. The city's economy mainly relies on tourism, and San Marino's culture remains Italian, mainly Emilia-Romagnan in essence. San Marino is considered to be in a highly stable economic status. The tourist sector contributes over 2.2% of San Marino's GDP, with approximately 2 million tourists visiting every year.
The site “San Marino: Historic Centre and Mount Titano” has become part of the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2008.
San Marino is divided into the following nine municipalities, known locally as castelli (meaning "castles"). San Marino (City of San Marino) is the capital; there are also eight minor municipalities: Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Montegiardino, Serravalle.